In Western medicine, red blood cells (RBCs) are anucleate, constituting the majority of cells in the body at approximately 25 trillion, with a lifespan of around 120 days (Marengo-Rowe, 2006, "Hematopoiesis"). Generated in the bone marrow, which is responsible for 95% of blood cell production, these cells lack a nucleus, allowing for greater hemoglobin storage. Hemoglobin is a crucial protein that transports oxygen from the lungs to various bodily tissues and returns carbon dioxide for expulsion (Guyton and Hall, 2015, "Textbook of Medical Physiology").
In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), blood is considered the body's nourishing element, primarily derived from food and Jing (Wang et al., 2016, Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine). In TCM philosophy, Qi propels the blood, and blood is viewed as the foundational substance that generates Qi. Blood deficiency in TCM is interpreted as an insufficiency in the nutritive and supportive capacities of the blood.
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