Varicose & Spider Veins

Varicose veins represent a vascular disorder characterized by the chronic dilation and tortuosity of superficial veins, predominantly affecting the lower extremities. This condition is primarily attributed to venous valve dysfunction, which impedes the unidirectional flow of blood towards the heart, leading to venous stasis and subsequent edema (World Health Organization, 2018; NIH, 2020).

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) conceptualizes this vascular pathology as a manifestation of blood stagnation, a condition intricately linked to chronic pain syndromes (Chen et al., 2015). Regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have delineated guidelines for vascular health management, emphasizing lifestyle modifications and nutritional interventions as adjunctive therapeutic strategies (FDA, 2019; USDA, 2020).