Mon-Fri 9AM-5:30PM EST
(888) 963-6637
- Categories
- Health Concerns
- Specials
- Articles
- Bulk
- About
- Rewards Program
Newsletter
Back- Shop Specials
- Superfood Blends
- Emergency Food Storage
- Dried Fruit & Berries
- Freeze Dried
- Vegetable, Leaf & Grass Powders
- Algae & Seaweeds
- Herb & Root Powders
- Fruit Powders
- Dairy Alternative Powders
- Mushroom Powders
- Extract Powders
- Juice Powders
- Bee Products
- Cacao
- Organic Coffee & Teas
- Sweeteners
- Organic Oils
- Nuts and Seeds
- Proteins & Collagens
- Seasoning & Spices
- Supplies
- Dairy Powders
- All Products
Live Chat
0unread messages
Tongkat Ali Root Premium Extract Powder (Longjack)
- Home
Tongkat Ali Root Premium Extract Powder (Longjack)
Tongkat Ali Root Premium Extract Powder (Longjack)
Pay now$24.99
Purchase Options
NOTIFY WHEN AVAILABLE
We will send you a notification as soon as this product is available again.
Frequently Bought together
Loading...
+Loading...
Total price: $
About Product
Tongkat Ali Root Extract comes from the root of the Eurycoma longifolia tree, which is found in Southeast Asia and Indonesia.
It is believed to have been used since the 15th century in traditional Asian medicine to treat various ailments.
Tongkat extract contains many beneficial compounds, including quassinoids, polyphenols, and plant sterols.
Suggested Use: Take 500 mg (approximately 1/4 teaspoon) daily with food.
Mixing suggestions: To increase flavor and nutritional profile, combine with our organic goji berry juice powder.
Botanical Name: Eurycoma Longifolia Jack.
Other Names: Longjack, pasak bumi, Akar Pasak Bumi, Ali's Umbrella, Ali's Walking Stick, Batang Pasak Bumi, Canne d'Ali, Eurycoma, Eurycoma Longifolia Jack, Eurycoma merguensis, Ginseng de Malaisie, Kayu Dali, Long Jack, Manotes Asiatica, Picroxylon Siamese, Sengkayap, Tongkat Ali, Umpudumaidu, Wonod Mondou, Malaysian ginseng, Eurycoma Longifolia, penawar pahit, bedara pahit, bedara putih, bedara merah, hempedu pahit, payung ali, tongkat baginda, muntah bumi, akar jangat semang, tongkat rasul, setunjang bumi, Babi kurus, Tungke ali, Phiak, Tung saw, Tho nan, Antong sar, antoung sar.
Parts Used: Tongkat Ali Root.
Ingredients: Tongkat Ali Root (Longjack) Extract and no more than 5% non-GMO maltodextrin.*
Origin: Grown in Malaysia. Packaged with care in Florida, USA.
*This product contains a small amount of starch made from organically grown non-GMO corn. This starch acts as a drying agent and keeps this powder from clumping into hard chunks or one solid brick.
1. Bedir E, Abou-Gazar H, Ngwendson JN, Khan IA. Eurycomaoside: a new quassinoid-type glycoside from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2003;51:1301-3.
2. "Eurycoma longifolia information from NPGS/GRIN". www.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
3. Fukui M, Kitagawa Y, Ose H, Hasegawa G, Yoshikawa T, Nakamura N. Role of endogenous androgen against insulin resistance and athero- sclerosis in men with type 2 diabetes. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2007 Feb;3(1):25-31
4. Zanoli P, Zavatti M, Montanari C, Baraldi M. Influcence of Eurycoma longifolia on the copulatory activity of sexually sluggish and impotenet male rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2009;126:308-13.
5. http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-1132-EURYCOMA+LONGIFOLIA.aspx?activeIngredientId=1132&activeIngredientName=EURYCOMA+LONGIFOLIA&source=1
6. Medicinal Plants, International Technology Center, United Nations International Development Organisation, UNIDO, Trieste, Italy
7. Morgentaler A. Testosterone replacement therapy and prostate risks: where's the beef? Can J Urol. Feb 2006; 13 Suppl 1:40-3.
8. Chan KL, Choo CY, Abdullah NR, Ismail Z. Antiplasmodial studies of Eurycoma longifolia Jack using the lactate dehydrogenase assay of Plasmodium falciparum. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;92:223-7.
9. Wyatt-Smith, J. (August 1953). "The Vegetation of Jarak Island, Straits of Malacca". Journal of Ecology 41 (2): 207-225. doi:10.2307/2257036. JSTOR 2257036.
10. Bhat, R; Karim, AA (2010). "Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack): a review on its ethnobotany and pharmacological importance". Fitoterapia 81 (7): 669-79. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2010.04.006. PMID 20434529.
11. Tambi MI, Imran MK. Eurycoma longifolia jack in managing idiopathic male infertility. J Androl 2010;12:376-80.
12. Cyranoski, David (2005). "Malaysian researchers bet big on home-grown Viagra". Nature Medicine 11 (9): 912. doi:10.1038/nm0905-912a. PMID 16145563.
13. Ang, HH; Ngai, TH; Tan, TH (2003). "Effects of Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats". Phytomedicine 10 (6-7): 590-3. doi:10.1078/094471103322331881. PMID 13678248.
14. Tambi MI, Imran MK, Henkel RR. Standardised water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism? Andrologia 2011 Jun 15. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01168.x.
15. Chan, KL; Low, BS; Teh, CH; Das, PK (2009). "The effect of Eurycoma longifolia on sperm quality of male rats". Natural product communications 4 (10): 1331-6. PMID 19911566.
16. Wahab, NA; Mokhtar, NM; Halim, WN; Das, S (2010). "The Effect of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack on Spermatogenesis in Estrogen-Treated Rats". Clinics 65 (1): 93-8. doi:10.1590/S1807-59322010000100014. PMC 2815289. PMID 20126351.
17. Shuid, Ahmad Nazrun; Abu Bakar, Mohd Firdaus; Abdul Shukor, Tajul Ariff; Muhammad, Norliza; Mohamed, Norazlina; Soelaiman, Ima Nirwana (2010). "The anti-osteoporotic effect of Eurycoma Longifolia in aged orchidectomised rat model". The aging male 14 (3): 150-4. doi:10.3109/13685538.2010.511327. PMID 20874437.
18. Ang, HH; Cheang, HS (2001). "Effects of Eurycoma longifolia jack on laevator ani muscle in both uncastrated and testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male rats". Archives of pharmacal research 24 (5): 437-40. doi:10.1007/BF02975191. PMID 11693547.
19. Zanoli, P; Zavatti, M; Montanari, C; Baraldi, M (2009). "Influence of Eurycoma longifolia on the copulatory activity of sexually sluggish and impotent male rats". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 126 (2): 308-13. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.021. PMID 19703544.
20. "Joint Conference of BASEM and BASES". British Journal of Sports Medicine 37 (5): 464-70. 2003. doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.5.464.
21. Severi G, Morris HA, MacInnis RJ, English DR, Tilley W, Hopper JL, Boyle P, Giles GG. Circulating steroid hormones and the risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Jan; 15(1):86-91.
22. Ang, HH; Lee, KL; Kiyoshi, M (2004). "Sexual arousal in sexually sluggish old male rats after oral administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack". Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology 15 (3-4): 303-9. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2004.15.3-4.303. PMID 15803965.
23. Low, BS; Ng, BH; Choy, WP; Yuen, KH; Chan, KL (2005). "Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies of eurycomanone from Eurycoma longifolia". Planta medica 71 (9): 803-7. doi:10.1055/s-2005-871259. PMID 16206032.
24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341906/
25. Ang, HH; Ngai, TH; Tan, TH (2003). "Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats". Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 10 (6-7): 590-3. doi:10.1078/094471103322331881. PMID 13678248.
26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341906/
27. Salman SA, Amrah S, Wahab MS, et al. Modification of propranolol's bioavailability by Eurycoma longifolia water-based extract. J Clin Pharm Ther 2010;35:691-6.
28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349489/
29. Mohd Ridzuan, MA; Sow, A; Noor Rain, A; Mohd Ilham, A; Zakiah, I (2007). "Eurycoma longifolia extract-artemisinin combination: parasitemia suppression of Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice". Tropical biomedicine 24 (1): 111-8. PMID 17568384.
30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2664922/
31. Ang, Hooi Hoon; Cheang, Hung Seong; Yusof, Ahmad Pauzi Md. (2000). "Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) on the Initiation of Sexual Performance of Inexperienced Castrated Male Rats". Experimental Animals 49 (1): 35-8. doi:10.1538/expanim.49.35. PMID 10803359.
32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3471167/
33. Farouk, AE; Benafri, A (2007). "Antibacterial activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. A Malaysian medicinal plant". Saudi medical journal 28 (9): 1422-4. PMID 17768473.
34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700790/
35. Li, Y; Liang, F; Jiang, W; Yu, F; Cao, R; Ma, Q; Dai, X; Jiang, J et al. (2007). "DH334, a beta-carboline anti-cancer drug, inhibits the CDK activity of budding yeast". Cancer biology & therapy 6 (8): 1193-9. PMID 17622795.
36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2843656/
37. Kuo, Ping-Chung; Damu, Amooru G; Lee, Kuo-Hsiung; Wu, Tian-Shung (2004). "Cytotoxic and antimalarial constituents from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 12 (3): 537-44. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2003.11.017.
38. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3094556/
39. Ang, H. H.; Lee, K. L. (2002). "Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on orientation activities in middle-aged male rats". Fundamental & clinical pharmacology 16 (6): 479-83. doi:10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.00106.x.
40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3746643/
41. Kuo, Ping-Chung; Shi, Li-Shian; Damu, Amooru G.; Su, Chung-Ren; Huang, Chieh-Hung; Ke, Chih-Huang; Wu, Jin-Bin; Lin, Ai-Jeng et al. (2003). 42. "Cytotoxic and Antimalarial β-Carboline Alkaloids from the Roots of Eurycoma longifolia". Journal of Natural Products 66 (10): 1324-7. doi:10.1021/np030277n. PMID 14575431.
43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709067/
44. Miyake, K; Li, F; Tezuka, Y; Awale, S; Kadota, S (2010). "Cytotoxic activity of quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia". Natural product communications 5 (7): 1009-12. PMID 20734929.
45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3971761/
46. Qinna N, Taha H, Matalka KZ, Badwan AA. A new herbal combination, Etana, for enhancing erectile function: an efficacy and safety study in animals. International Journal of Impotence Research 2009;21:315-20.
47. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2815289/
48. Miyake, K; Tezuka, Y; Awale, S; Li, F; Kadota, S (2010). "Canthin-6-one alkaloids and a tirucallanoid from Eurycoma longifolia and their cytotoxic activity against a human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cell line". Natural product communications 5 (1): 17-22. PMID 20184012.
49. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3739628/
50. Ang, HH; Lee, KL (2002). "Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on libido in middle-aged male rats". Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology 13 (3): 249-54. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2002.13.3.249. PMID 12670032.
51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3353141/
52. Miyake, K; Tezuka, Y; Awale, S; Li, F; Kadota, S (2009). "Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia". Journal of Natural Products 72 (12): 2135-40. doi:10.1021/np900486f. PMID 19919052.
53. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3488307/
54. Tee, TT; Azimahtol, HL (2005). "Induction of apoptosis by Eurycoma longifolia jack extracts". Anticancer research 25 (3B): 2205-13. PMID 16158965.
55. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3424595/
56. Chan KL, Choo CY. The toxicity of some quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia. Planta Med 2002;68:662-4.
57. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3493384/
58. U.S. Patent 7,132,117Inventors: T.G. Sambandan, ChoKyun Rha, Azizol Abdul Kadir, Norhaniza Aminudim, Johari Md. Saad. Assignees: Government of Malaysia, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
59. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3731873/
60. Ang HH, Lee KL. Analysis of lead in Tongkat Ali hitam herbal preparations in Malaysia. Toxicol Environ Chem 2005;87:521-8.
61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883656/
62. Huft, Michael J. (October 1995). "Indigenous People and Drug Discovery Research: A Question of Intellectual Property Rights". Northwestern University Law Review 89.
63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3974427/
64. Abdullah, M.Z.; Rahman, A.S.A.; Shakaff, A.Y.M.; Noor, A.M. (2004). "Discrimination and classification of Eurycoma longifolia Jack in medicinal foods by means of a DSP-based electronic taste sensor". Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 26: 19. doi:10.1191/0142331204tm0103oa.
65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3431134/
66. Jiwajinda, S; Santisopasri, V; Murakami, A; Sugiyama, H; Gasquet, M; Riad, E; Balansard, G; Ohigashi, H (2002). "In vitro anti-tumor promoting and anti-parasitic activities of the quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia, a medicinal plant in Southeast Asia". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 82 (1): 55-8. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00160-5. PMID 12169407.
67. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3918557/
68. Ang HH, Lee KL. Contamination of mercury in Tongkat Ali hitam herbal preparations. Food Chem Toxicol 2006;44:1245-50.
69. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085925/
70. Ang, H (2000). "Eurycolactones A-C, novel quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia". Tetrahedron Letters 41 (35): 6849. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)01159-X.
71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3433727/
72. Tada, H; Yasuda, F; Otani, K; Doteuchi, M; Ishihara, Y; Shiro, M (1991). "Nouveaux quassinoïdes antiulcéreux à partir d'Eurycoma longifolia". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 26 (3): 345. doi:10.1016/0223-5234(91)90069-Y.
73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3739276/
74. Scientific Committee on Food Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on quassin SCF/CS/FLAV/FLAVOUR/29 Final
75. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3375032/
76. Ang HH, Lee KL. Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on orientation activities in middle-aged male rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2002;16:479-83.
77. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3518798/
78. Morgentaler A. Testosterone for Life. New York: McGraw Hill; 2009.
79. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3403331/
80. Cherrier MM, Plymate S, Mohan S, et al. Relationship between testosterone supplementation and insulin-like growth factor-I levels and cognition in healthy older men.
81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3909399/
82. Spark RF. Testosterone, diabetes mellitus, and the metabolic syndrome. Curr Urol Rep. 2007 Nov;8(6):467-71.
83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3914427/
84. Ang HH, Ngai TH. Aphrodisiac evaluation in non-copulator male rats after chronic administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2001;15:265-8.
85. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3438813/
86. Cherrier MM, Asthana S, Plymate S, et al. Testosterone supplementation improves spatial and verbal memory in healthy older men. Neurology. 2001 Jul 10;57(1):80-8.
87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767077/
88. Cherrier MM, Craft S, Matsumoto AH. Cognitive changes associated with supplementation of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in mildly hypogonadal men: a preliminary report. J Androl. 2003 Jul;24(4):568-76.
89. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3669033/
90. Kalyani RR, Dobs AS. Androgen deficiency, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome in men. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2007 Jun;14(3):226-34.
91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11693547
92. Ang HH, Sim MK. Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhances libido in sexually experienced male rats. Exp Anim 1997;46:287-90.
93. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12948085
94. Cherrier MM, Anawalt BD, Herbst KL, et al. Cognitive effects of short-term manipulation of serum sex steroids in healthy young men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jul;87(7):3090-6.
95. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15162849
96. National Institute on Aging (NIA), November 4, 2002
97. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15803965
98. Ang, Hooi-Hoon; Lee, Ee-Lin; Cheang, Hui-Seong (2004). "Determination of Mercury by Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in Tongkat Ali Preparations Obtained in Malaysia". International Journal of Toxicology 23 (1): 65-71. doi:10.1080/10915810490269654. PMID
99. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16567029
100. Ang HH, Ikeda S, Gan EK. Evaluation of the potency activity of aphrodisiac in Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Phytother Res 2001;15:435-6.
101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17568384
102. Mohd. Noh, J., Muhamad Ghawas, M. and Musa, Y. (2005). Tongkat ali (Eurycoma Longifolia Jack). In: Penanaman tumbuhan ubatan & beraroma. (Musa Y., Muhammad Ghawas, M. and Mansor, P., ed.), Pg. 95-101, Serdang: MARDI
103. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19494825
104. Musa, Y., Mansor, P. and Ramli, M. (2005). Pertumbuhan dan prestasi hasil akar tongkat ali di bawah sistem tanaman terbuka di KESEDAR Mengkebang. Buletin Teknol. Tanaman. 2:27-33
105. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19521859
106. Anon. 2002. Compendium of Medicinal Plants Used in Malaysia (Vol. 1), Pg. 337, Bangi : HMRC-IMR
107. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20434529
108. Ang HH, Cheang HS. Studies on the anxiolytic activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack roots in mice. Jpn J Pharmacol 1999;79:497-500.
109. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21671978
110. Kamarudin Mat-Salleh and Latiff, A. (editor). 2002. Tumbuhan Ubatan Malaysia. Pg. 485, Bangi : UKM
111. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22119436
112. Musa, Y. Azimah, K. and Zaharah, H. 2009. Tumbuhan Ubatan Popular Malaysia. Pg 203, Serdang : MARDI
113. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22332826
114. Wiart, C. 2002. Medicinal Plants of South East Asia. Pg 190, Kuala Lumpur : Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
115. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468741
116. Ang HH, Cheang HS. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia jack on laevator ani muscle in both uncastrated and testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male rats. Arch Pharm Res 2001;24:437-40.
117. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22973405
118. Miner MM, Seftel AD. Testosterone and ageing: what have we learned since the Institute of Medicine report and what lies ahead? Int J Clin Pract. 2007 Apr;61(4):622-32
119. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23261482
120. Malkin CJ, Pugh PJ, Morris PD, et al. Testosterone replacement in hypogonadal men with angina improves ischaemic threshold and quality of life. Heart. 2004 Aug;90(8):871-6.
121. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419023
122. Ang HH, Cheang HS, Yusof AP. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) on the initiation of sexual performance of inexperienced castrated male rats. Exp Anim 2000;49:35-8.
123. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23464350
124. Kang SM, Jang Y, Kim JY, et al. Effect of oral administration of testosterone on brachial arterial vasoreactivity in men with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 2002 Apr 1;89(7):862-4.
125. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23705671
126. Bhat R, Karmin AA. Tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia jack): a review on its ethnobotany and pharmacological importance. Fitoterapia 2010;81:669-79.
127. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23754792
128. Chan K.L. , Chee-Yan Choo, Noor Rain Abdullah, and Zakiah Ismail, 2004, Antiplasmodial studies of Eurycoma longifolia Jack using the lactate dehydrogenase assay of Plasmodium falciparum, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 92, 223-227
129. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23810842
130. Hanahan, D and Weinberg, R.A., 2000, The Hallmark of Cancer, Cell.,100:57-68.
131. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24062779
131. Jenie R.I., Meiyanto, dan E., Murwanti, R., 2006, Efek antiangiogenik ekstrak etanolik daun sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr pada membran korio alantois (CAM) embrio ayam, Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 17(1):50-55
132. http://indonesianjpharm.farmasi.ugm.ac.id/index.php/1/article/view/276